Skeletal homologies, phylogeny and classification of the earliest asterozoan echinoderms

J. Dean Shackleton

2005

Article

Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 3(1):29-114

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Taxa discussed in this work:

• Eopentaroida
• Hypophiura grayae
• Palasteriscinae
• Thoralaster
• Thoralaster spiculiformis
• Tribulosaster
• Tribulosaster grayae

Taxonomy:

• Protaster groomi belongs to Protaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Promopalaeaster elizae belongs to Promopalaeaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Anorthaster belongs to Promopalaeaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Promopalaeaster belongs to Asteroidea - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Petraster kinahani belongs to Petraster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Uranaster belongs to Petraster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Petraster belongs to Asteroidea - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Drepanaster grayae belongs to Drepanaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Drepanaster belongs to Protasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Stibaraster ratcliffei belongs to Stibaraster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Urosoma belongs to Protaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Bohemura belongs to Protaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Protaster belongs to Protasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Lapworthura miltoni belongs to Lapworthura - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Hypophiura grayae belongs to Hypophiura - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Furcaster trepidans belongs to Furcaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Euzonosoma orbitoides belongs to Euzonosoma - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Encrinaster grayae belongs to Encrinaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Girvanaster sculptus belongs to Girvanaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Siluraster perfectus belongs to Siluraster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Caractacaster belongs to Siluraster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Hudsonaster ordovicus belongs to Hudsonaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Belaster belongs to Hudsonaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Mesopalaeaster belongs to Hudsonaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Macroporaster belongs to Hudsonaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Hudsonaster narrawayi belongs to Hudsonaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Protopalaeaster belongs to Hudsonaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Mastigactis aranea belongs to Mastigactis - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Girvanaster belongs to Hudsonasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Schuchertia stellata belongs to Schuchertia - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Schuchertia belongs to Urasterellidae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Urasterella asperrimus belongs to Urasterella - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Palasteriscinae belongs to Palasteriscidae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Baliactis belongs to Palasteriscinae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Platanaster ordovicus belongs to Platanaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Lanthanaster cruciformis belongs to Lanthanaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Ophioxenikos langenheimi belongs to Ophioxenikos - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Palaeura belongs to Eophiuridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Archophiactis grayae belongs to Archophiactis - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Archophiactis belongs to Rhopalocomidae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Tribulosaster grayae belongs to Tribulosaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Tribulosaster belongs to Rhopalocomidae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Rhopalocoma pyrotechnica belongs to Rhopalocoma - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Palasterina antiqua belongs to Palasterina - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Eopentaroida belongs to Asterozoa - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Pradesura jacobi belongs to Pradesura - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Thoralaster spiculiformis belongs to Thoralaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Chinianaster levyi belongs to Chinianaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Ampullaster ubaghsi belongs to Villebrunaster thorali - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Villebrunaster thorali belongs to Villebrunaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Chinianasteridae belongs to Somasteroidea - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Ampullaster belongs to Villebrunaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Villebrunasteridae belongs to Chinianasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Archegonaster pentagonus belongs to Archegonaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Mastigactis belongs to Encrinasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Palaeura neglecta belongs to Palaeura - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Stuertzaster marstoni belongs to Stuertzaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Palasterina primaeva belongs to Palasterina antiqua - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Palasterina bonneyi belongs to Palasterina antiqua - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Hypophiura belongs to Protasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Furcaster belongs to Protasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Euzonosoma belongs to Encrinasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Encrinaster belongs to Encrinasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Archegonasteridae belongs to Somasteroidea - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Encrinasteridae belongs to Ophiuroidea - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Aulactis orthopeda belongs to Aulactis - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Aulactis belongs to Stenasteridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Stenaster obtusus belongs to Stenaster - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Stenasteridae belongs to Ophiuroidea - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Eophiura bohemica belongs to Eophiura - Dean Shackleton (2005)
• Pradesura belongs to Eophiuridae - Dean Shackleton (2005)